ANTI-IMPERIALIST LEFT WING NATIONALISM

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Let us now take up the Maoist communist politics. .The Socialist revolution desired by the revolutionaries is not possible without the leadership of the industrial proletariat, that too , highly sophisticated technical blue collar workers.  More, the workers in all the factories also should plunge into the struggle to support them. The support of urban intelligensia also is necessary…The revolutionary participation of the poor peasants, landless agricultural labour, unorganized miscellaneous labour in the vast countryside of our land also in needed..Perhaps, an internationally favourable situation caused by a huge war , also may be needed. We must remember that Russian revolution and Chinese revolution happened in the context of world wars…

The Chinese revolution did not begin in forests. , It already had the support of various strata of society like students, intellectuals, and a section of Chinese army..

.In particular, Mao had built up the movement among the poor peasants and landless agrarian labour. Though there was a retreat into the forests for defence , that itself would not have led to the final victory. Neither the Russian revolution model nor the Chinese revolution model is suitable to be followed in our country…

The Russian revolution had many wonderful events as a forerunner. Even in 1905, 1907 ,the organization of revolutionary urban proletariat in the form of soviet had appeared in Russia. ..The Bolshevik party had depended on the poor peasants and rural proletariat only. As a matter of fact, the Bolsheviks were not very popular among the rural people initially…. The 1907March revolution was mostly the victory of the party of Social revolutionaries only. The rich peasants from the rural areas also were in that. ( In India also, it was the same story. The demand of ‘land to the tiller’ paved the way for many tenant cultivators to become land owners. so, it became a very popular people’ movement. The very basis of that demand was rooted in the notion of ‘private property’. So, the party of Social revolutionaries was full of petty-bourgeois democratic elements. . In the country side , the peasantry had already carried out the expropriation of the landed and other property of rural gentry. Lenin understood the reality and by endorsing it, won over the leftist section of SR. ..It was this move that led to his grand success If we fit these things in the context of Indian situation, we will get clarity. … If we take up China , the Chinese communist party was a part of the Kuomintang . Dr.Sunyatsen was the leader. .. In 1924, the first conference of Kuomintang,( similar to Indian National Congress) presided over by Dr.SunYatsen himself, passed a famous resolution on what their aim was. as follows..” ” What these people call democrarcy has been just a means utiized by the capitalists just to oppress the poor. But the democraracy of the Kuomintang is a people’s government where all people will participate . It is not something that will be appropriated by a few. only. “..

.Right from those days, till today, The Chinese communist party has been the firmest embodiment of Chinese nationalism. From those days the Internationalism of the Chinese communist party has always included Chinese Nationalism and has not been either indifferent to it or antagonistic to it. …

In any country of ASIA, LATIN AMERICA AND AFRICA, that has been a subject country of Imperialist exploitation, it is only the National Liberation movement that would be the primary catalyst of the revolutionary movement…. It is only through such National Liberation movement that Imperialist capitalism will get hit and get smashed….

The communist revolutionaries should fully grasp the revolutionary potential of the national liberation movement and on that basis should take up the leadership of the movement by organizing the industrial proletariat, poor peasants, rural proletarians, miscellaneous unorganized workers , revolutionary intelligentsia, .and such. In the name of Internationalism, the communists should not ignore the national liberation movement….

The Chinese communist party clearly understood this factor and strengthened itself as the left-wing of Kuomintang. Without ignoring Chinese nationalism, it did splendid work in sharpening the national movement against imperialism, in building up movement without running counter to the proletarian internationalism and traveling towards the communist objective. .

.Guides from the Comintern like M.N.ROY, MICHAEL BORODIN gave military training and assistance to Kuomintang and Dr.Sunyatsen.

Com.STALIN gave appreciable help.

Military leaders like CH U-TEH, CHEN-YI, CHOU-EN-LAI served in the army of the Kuomintang as well as that of the communist party , openly.. Thus, the Chinese communist party was seen by the people as. the left-wing of the nationalist organization of Kuomintang and thus got huge respect and support from the people. ..

Taking the 1905 model of Russian soviet organizations, the marxist activists had built up a huge working class movement by uniting industrial proletariat of

China in big cities. But, after Sunyatsen passed away, the Kuomintang party and a major part of the army fell into the hands of Chiang .He gave orders to ‘shoot to kiill ‘ all comminists and by killing countless revolutionaries, created a fascist regime. This is known as ‘Shangai massacre’. …

To fight against this , the left wing of Kuomintang formed a government in the area of Wuhan . But there, the bourgeois-left murdered the communists and got defeated by Chiang and ran away. (It is to be expected that the bourgeois-left , will utilize the support of communist cadres when needed and would murder them when it suits them). When building united front , this danger has to be always borne in mind. and build the party with sufficient security.

In 1927, the soldiers of the communist section of the army withdrew into the sprawling jungles of the land under the leadership of CHU-TEH.
Mao had already warned about such things. Having anticipated this treachery, he had built up his agrarian movement in rural area. By accepting his correct leadership, the party created strong bases in secure areas, , fought a bitter civil war , drove Chiang to Formosa island and won a great victory. Despite the huge aid by American Imperialism to Chiang, his defeat could not be avoided. . The history of Chinese revolution from 1917 to 1949 is a wonderful saga. A  Himalayan achievement full of breathtaking bravery and poignant self-sacrifices. The impact of   October Revolution, Two World Wars following  each  other  in quick succession ,the  Contribution of  Comintern ,some  wrong  guidance  from Russian leaders, Some  other  times,. very great help  from the  same  Russian  leaders ,the  ideological  confusion among Chinese  leasers,  Failures  due  to  some  blunders  of  Left  Sectareanism, Adventurism, Dogmatism, Grave  losses  Lessons learn and  finally a GREAT  VICTORY.

.. TODAY, CHIAG’S FARMOSA  has  been  totally  dwarfed

There  is  much  to  learn from the  travails  and  triumphs  of  the Chinese Revolution  for  all  of  us  to  study  and  absorb.

. ..Very  soon  after  the  victory  of Chinese Recvolution, war  broke  out  in Korea.  The  Korean War  proved  beyond  doubt  that  when National Liberation Movement  and  communism work hand-in-hand, nobody  can stop its  victory march. LATER WARS IN VIETNAM, CAMBODIA AND LAOS ALSO PROVED THAT THE NATIONAL LIBERATION WARS ARE THE PRIMARY CATALYST FOR INTERNATIONAL COMMUNIST MOVEMENT. THE LEFT-SECTARIAN BLUNDERS IN CAMBODIA ALSO TAUGHT US SOME NEGATIVE LESSONS.
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the first and foremost doctrinal blunder of the left-extremists in India has been their rejection of the concept of Indian nationalism which was fostered by the CONGRESS MOVEMENT…

Their  first ;lesson stating that  INDIA is a prison-house  of various  suppressed  Nationalities  is a grave  blunder  and totally  untrue.

..For  reasons  yet  to be  fathomed  in full,  FOR OVER 2500 YEARS, the concept that the land  south of  the Himalayas and  north  of  Cape Comorin bounded in the  Esat  and West  is  the  Nation Bharath  has  been consistently  preserved and accepted even  in the  farthest  South (ie) Tamilnadu. There  are  quite a few  poems  in the  most  ancient  Sangam Literaure  Purananooru mentioning  the  boundaries  of  the  Nation.  and  there is a poem in Ahanaanooru  which  mentions  about  SRI.RAMA  in Dhanushkodi ( Rameswaram_). The  Nation thus  defined had appeared  even  before  the Mouryan  Empire  of  Asoka.–In fact, even before  the  Magadha Empire  at  the  time  of  Alexander’s  attempted  invasion!

Differences  due  to  Language, Race, Caste, Culture  have  never  been a hindrance  to  National Unity. ..
. It  is  because  of  this  that  Gandhiji  attracted  CRORES  of  people
whereever  he  went, be  it  the  southern  tip  of  India (  Kanyakumari) or  the  North Western  bnorder  land  of  Peshawar. How  did  it  happen?

LYRICIST, TUNER AND SINGER

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IN response  to  vishnu-vasudev  in medium

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Wonderful. Thank you. ‘bajagovindham ,by Smt.MS is said to have been tuned by S.V.Venkataraman ( I do not like that tune )(perhaps Kadayanalloor venkataraman?)

. Subramanya Barathy was essentially a poet and not a composer. He might have thought of the suitable ragams in his mind but that does not make him a tunesmith.

I do not know who set the music for D.K.PattammaL (early 78 rpm records) lovely renditions of Barathy songs like thondru nikazhnthathu , enthaiyum thaayum, thaayin maNikkodi , parukkulle nalla naadu ,chinnachiru kiLiye(ragamalika). Very likely that she herself set the tunes and sang them. or recording studio artistes might have helped. (unlikely) .

Consider another Barathy song ‘nenjukku neethiyum’ in Sindhu bairavi sung by Smt.MS. There is absolutely no reason to rule out that she set the song to tune herself.

Other Barathy songs in AVM films like ‘theeraadha viLaiyaattu pillai ,’vetri ettu dhikkum etta’, ‘aaduvome paaduvome’ are known to have been tuned by Sri.Sudharsanam, attached to AVM productions as also ‘baaratha samuthaayam vaazhkave’ by DKP. I would add that the orchestration is just brilliant and it was because of that Barathy songs are remembered. One other gem is N.C.Vasanthakokilam’s ‘ piLLaip piraayatthile’

(sites.google.com/site/ncvasanthakokilam) (sites.google.com/site/dkpattammalfilmsongs)

(Kalki’s daughter Anandhi  says AADUVOME  was  tuned  by  S,V,Venkataraman)

Coming to Purandharadasa, what you say is true to a certain extent. but he belonged to Haridasa tradition and I myself have experienced in my boyhood the thrill of bajans of Pandaripuram yatra groups.

The oral tradition is more powerful than what is ‘notated’. It is then very likely that some atleast of Purandaradasa sahithyams are sung in ragams he and his group of sishyas actually sang in the ragams except for the incongruity of Hamsadhvani as pointed out by you.

As for even Annamacharya kritis, the same criteria apply. Telugu families have been singing some of these kritis for centuries without knowing much about the lyricist in the ragams handed over from generation to generation. So, all the tunes cannot be later day additions.

As for the Tamil Moovar kritis, there is no definite evidence to show that they were tune-smiths though they might have been good poets. Arunachala kavi;s ramatakam was set to tune by two traditional classical musicians. The credit for the music should go to them. Later, Ariyakkudi Ramanuja Iengar re-retuned some of the songs. and these tunes have come to stay and been sung by DKP, MS and N.C.Vasanthakokilam.(Ean paLLi kondeerayya)

Similarly, Suddhananda Barathy was essentially a poet. and it is quite probable that Smt.N.C.Vasanthakokilam herself set them to glorious tunes and rendered them and made them popular.

All said, the points mentioned by you have been troubling my mind for long and I found exact echo in my mind. Thank you.